We co-sign this statement by Disability Rights Washington.

Disability Rights Washington is committed to producing a wide variety of accessible formats for its informational materials.  This is so individuals can always acquire needed disability rights information in a manner that is relevant and respectful.  We recognize it is impossible for each web feature to be accessible to all people at all times.  Our strategy for web accessibility, then, is to provide the same key information in enough varied formats so that it is always accessible, engaging, informative and relevant to each web user, no matter content form.

Accessibility – Disability Rights Washington

We use “Equalize Digital Accessibility Checker” to audit our website for WCAG, ADA, and section 508 accessibility errors.

If you encounter information on our website which you cannot access, please let us know so that we can correct the error.

Our digital composition aims to be accessible while progressively disclosing lots of information. Listed below are some of our approaches. For a much more extensive explanation of our practices, visit “📚🌈♿️ An Encyclopedia of Disability and Difference“.

📜 Scrollytelling: How We Tell Our Stories

Scrollytelling is the fusion of scrolling and storytelling: a way to dynamically tell long-form stories as the user scrolls.

Scrollytelling: How to Transform Your Long-Form Content | Elementor

We use scrollytelling to tell our stories on this website. Our pages can be long, but we present the important information at the top in plain language. Scrolling down is a bonus journey.

Captured below is the how and why of our storytelling. Here are our techniques for digital composition. Here’s how we combine “talk, texts, and media” (James Paul Gee) into “multimodal ensembles” (Frank Serafini) to provide vicarious learning experiences.

Up-to-Date Research

Fun Art, Music, and Literature

Reflective of the Real Neurodiversity Community

It is truly epic! It is my absolute favourite website: informative, up-to-date research, fun art, music and literature, reflective of the real ND community – just fabulous!

I remember sharing it so enthusiastically everywhere last year and people just being mindblown with it all! It is fabulous and really unique and probably the most up-to-date ND affirming website out there!

Helen Edgar of Autistic Realms (one of our favorite websites, go check out their monotropism and burnout resources)
“Monotropism is increasingly considered to be the underlying principle behind autism and is becoming more widely recognised especially within autistic and neurodivergent communities.” ––Helen Edgar

Autistic Realms offers many great resources written with clarity and compassion. Here’s a selection from their monotropism page.

The theory of Monotropism was developed by Dr Dinah Murray, Wenn Lawson and Mike Lesser (2005) in their article, Attention, monotropism and the diagnostic criteria for autism.  They stated “At any one moment the amount of attention available to a conscious individual is limited…. The authors suggest competition between mental processes for scarce attention is an important factor in the shaping of the cognitive process.”(Murray et al., 2005).

Monotropism is increasingly considered to be the underlying principle behind autism and is becoming more widely recognised especially within autistic and neurodivergent communities. Fergus Murray, in their article Me and Monotropism: A unified theory (2018), describes monotropism as a ‘pull’. Murray describes montropism as ‘resting on a model of the mind as an interest system’: we are all interested in many things, and our interests help direct our attention. Different interests are salient at different times. In a monotropic mind, fewer interests tend to be aroused at any time, and they attract more of our processing resources, making it harder to deal with things outside of our current attention tunnel’.

My experience of being monotropic feels like having a channel of energy that flows through the whole body mind, it is completely consuming. It feels like there is a force within monotropism that draws me into specific channels of thinking and enables me to hyperfocus, it can lead to high levels of engagement and motivation.

Monotropism can create a happy ‘flow state‘; a monotropic way of thinking and processing can sweep you along; much like a river, it has momentum and can have a deep intense current. It can be a wonderful experience of escapism and regulation. Engaging in monotropic flow states is like entering a happy state of mind,  where you may become so hyper-focused that nothing else matters or is even noticed around you. 

Monotropism is a good way of conceptualising how autistic special interests can support better mental health. By embracing the theory of monotropism, I feel we can gain an understanding of how flow states may help to recharge and regulate the sensory system. Embracing a natural state of monotropic flow can help to enable positive mental health, work and also learning outcomes for autistic people.

However, I also feel an understanding of monotropism could support a better understanding of the mental health difficulties that some autistic people may experience. When in a flow state it can be hard to shift attention channels to engage in different tasks, which may make daily life quite challenging. It is hard to pull out of / or switch channels of attention that are so consuming.  As much as monotropism can create a happy flow state, I feel it can also lead to darker, negative flow states and be exhausting to manage.

I firmly believe that a deeper understanding of monotropism may help reduce the impact of autistic burnout and could improve the mental health outcomes for autistic people. Research has slowly been emerging over the last few years, but this area still needs far more research.

Monotropism | Autistic Realms

We design for and encourage skimming, so skim-scroll on down and see what grabs your attention.

How We Try to Make This Website More ADHD-Friendly

In this video, Jessica discusses how she made her book more ADHD friendly.

How I Made My Book ADHD-Friendly 🧠📘 – YouTube

We attempt all of these things on our website at stimpunks.org.

  • Lots of whitespace.
  • Every page/screen has something breaking up the text. Break up text with pull quotes, blocks, bullets, bolding, backgrounds, images.
  • Add attention getters like selective bolding and pull quotes.
  • Write in conversational style.
  • Organize so you don’t have to read it.
  • Flip open right to your struggle. Allow people to pick up and go right to what they need.
  • Format is the same for every chapter.
  • Make it so people can just read the headers.
  • Make it engaging and visual.
  • Add in jokes and feelings.
  • Put everything in one book so folks have one place to go.
How I Made My Book ADHD-Friendly 🧠📘 – YouTube

What would you do to make our scrollytelling style on stimpunks.org more ADHD-friendly?

A page of neat and tidy typed text in long paragraphs is the least memorable format known.

We attempt some techniques from “Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History” on stimpunks.org.

A page of neat and tidy typed text in long paragraphs is the least memorable format known. You need to reduce it into small segments, each made memorable by flourishes and fancy layouts. Add colour and doodles. Highlight. Enclose with clouds. Write the whole portion backwards. Do anything to make each logical entity, each verse, distinct.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

The efficacy of short sentences on a memorable page resonates with my experience as a teacher. I have found that students who read an entire paragraph of information quickly will often claim they didn’t understand it, but if they read it phrase by phrase, stopping at each comma or full stop to ensure they understand, the entire paragraph becomes meaningful. With short sentences, you are forced to engage with each element of the information and not try to grasp the whole in a single befuddling quest.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

The important lesson for all of those wanting to memorise huge amounts of information is that the Navajo store this knowledge in their mythology. In stories. Vivid lively stories make information more memorable.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

I’ll explain how these methods correlate with the most recent discoveries in neuroscience, which show that associating memory with place is hardwired into our brains. This common factor is why cultures all over the world have developed similar methods: they are working with the same brain structure. The neuroscience explains how we benefit from repetition and music, and in particular the value of memory palaces.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

One of the most important lessons I have learned from indigenous cultures is the value of strong characters in stories. I cannot emphasise enough how useful this is.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

Indigenous cultures around the world don’t just use the vast landscape as a memory palace; they use a wonderfully integrated system of objects—portable memory devices—that are often simply referred to as ‘art’ and seen to have little practical purpose.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

many objects interpreted simply as artworks are mnemonic landscapes in miniature.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

If you want to remember what you’ve written down then take the lessons offered in the medieval manuscripts and turn your page into a memory space.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

The wilder, the more colourful and active, the more grotesque, vulgar or erotic the images and stories you create are, the more memorable they will be. That is the secret to making knowledge memorable.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

To memorise any information, you need to first organise it into little chunks that flow in a logical order.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

A memory palace is a structure, grounded in the landscape, offering a firm base on which to build a tower of knowledge to play with, analyse and think about—a way to ponder the big picture.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

The big lesson of this chapter is: don’t make nice neat notes. Decorate and doodle all over them.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

As in classical times, memory training involved associating information with emotionally striking images in a set of ordered physical locations.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

Can’t we optimise our thinking by making the best use of all three: memory, writing and computer technology?

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

But most important of all, the pages of the text had to stir the emotions to make the written word unforgettable.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

The elaborately decorated lists of numbers were written between illustrations of columns with arches above, reflecting the ancient memory advice to use inter-columnar spaces as locations for memory images. The vertical spaces between the columns were then divided by horizontal lines into small rectangular spaces, each holding no more than five items, the maximum number suggested for retaining in memory for a single location.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

Laying out the narrative in a grid of images makes it more memorable. Your brain will remember where a given rectangle in the grid lies in the space and hence recall the information.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

Many of the stories are painted in grids, some of the most famous examples being three cells by four cells, as in Plate 23. The images are not only unique but positioned in a unique location on the page.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

Of course, you could get really enthusiastic and design stained-glass windows for your home based on the narratives of knowledge you want to share. Many church windows were laid out in grid structures to make the narrative easy to follow for the illiterate congregation. Medieval churches boasted glorious colourful images in sequences of stained glass, each telling a small part of the story. Staring at those superb windows week after week ensured that the stories of the Bible were well entrenched in medieval minds.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

Whenever you need to learn an abstract theme, give it a character.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

The secret to memorising anything is to break the information down into memorable portions; just focus on a snippet at a time.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

In the pious Middle Ages, violent, lewd and fanciful images were deemed highly inappropriate. I am delighted to report that Albertus justified their use because, ironically, they were so effective for memorising moral philosophies.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

In her seminal work, The Art of Memory, Frances Yates wrote: ‘If Simonides was the inventor of the art of memory and “Tullius” its teacher, Thomas Aquinas became something like its patron saint.’1

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History

That’s the big lesson from Thomas Aquinas: meditate. Go over your journeys and palaces, your memory boards and songs, but do it gently and slowly.

Memory Craft: Improve Your Memory with the Most Powerful Methods in History
Our Storytelling Conventions

We love Stimpunks, their Glossary is a rich source of information presented through an affirming lens. Be more Punk! 🤘🏻✊🏾 https://stimpunks.org/glossary-list/#h-all-glossary-entries

Pebble Autism on X

We also heavily use “accordions”. Accordions contain more in depth information on a topic that you can reveal at your own pace.

We often break paragraphs of text down into bulleted lists that present one idea per line in plain language.

We provide content hierarchy, visual hierarchy, and tables of contents.

We are iterating toward “digital stories” and “Web-Based Conceptual Portmanteau”.

Consume this content to the depth and breadth of your preference in whatever way and order works for you.

This website is a living document that you can contribute to under a Creative Commons CC BY-SA license. Send us your suggestions and favorite quotes and resources.

We provide “Main Takeaways” on many pages. Main takeaways are presented with one idea per line in a bulleted list format. If you don’t have time or energy to read an entire page, reading just the main takeaways will give you what you most need to know.

Readers on the web scan for information, rather than reading everything line-by-line. Chunking your content into smaller sections, called out by larger headings, helps them find the information they’re searching for.

When I’m trying to find something quickly, there’s nothing more intimidating than jumping onto a site with a giant wall of unbroken content. 

Show, Don’t Tell | CSS-Tricks – CSS-Tricks

Where possible, break down paragraphs into lists. Lists make scanning easier!

Show, Don’t Tell | CSS-Tricks – CSS-Tricks

bold the most important part of a sentence to make sure that readers scanning through your content catch their eyes on what’s most important.

Show, Don’t Tell | CSS-Tricks – CSS-Tricks

Show, then tell. Start with concrete examples & pictures, then lay down the abstract definitions.

Nutshell: make expandable, embeddable explanations

Our Rules for Scrollytelling

  • Accordions expand/infodump on a topic without interrupting the main flow.
  • Accordions labelled “What is…” provide definitions, context, and further reading.
  • Accordions labelled “In other words…” explain things in different ways, including easy read, one idea per line, and plain language summaries.
  • One line inline definitions are offered.
  • Explanatory items are grouped into “What does this mean?” blocks.
  • Related items are grouped together on a colored background with a group title. This makes it easier to tell what’s in a group and skim past it.
  • Pick colors for groups based on colors in included media, if any.
  • Pick colors for groups of accordions based on themes like rainbow.
  • Lots of whitespace.
  • Every page/screen has something breaking up the text.
  • Selective bolding of key sentences facilitates skimming.
  • A table of contents is provided near the top of each page.
  • Headings are used approximately every 5 screens (on a laptop) or less.
  • 20 headings max.
  • Put a “coming up” table of contents after 10 headings.
  • Consider putting a “Bodymind Break” section after 10 headings.
  • Spacers are used as pause points, fermata.
  • Spacers are used before headings to accentuate the break.
  • Long scrollytelling stories signpost to what’s ahead.
  • Break up text with pull quotes, blocks, bullets, bolding, backgrounds, images.
  • Use lists to present one idea per line.
  • Make it so people can just read the headers, table of contents and get the gist of the page/section.
  • Make it engaging and visual.
  • Write in a conversational style.
  • Add in jokes and feelings.

There’s more about our scrollytelling conventions in our explainer at “📚🌈♿️ An Encyclopedia of Disability and Difference

Content on our website is structured in a multimedia, multi-modality, scrollytelling style. Scrollytelling is the fusion of scrolling and storytelling: a way to dynamically tell long-form stories as the user scrolls.

Our vertical storytelling style is inspired by webtoons. Read the bolded text as you scroll for a scrolling pace similar to webtoons.

To get more detail on things that interest you, read the surrounding text, explore the accordions, and follow links to other parts of our website.

Main concepts are presented at the top of the page in plainer language, with more academic language and further detail provided as you scroll down.

Read to the depth you’re comfortable with.

If you don’t have time to rabbit hole an entire page or section, read what you can knowing that you got the main ideas up front.

“Down the rabbit hole” = getting deep into something or ending up somewhere strange

Consume this content to the depth and breadth of your preference in whatever way and order works for you.

You’re invited to read what you want and skip what you don’t. If you only scroll enough to see the headings and initial explanations, you’ll still get the essential idea. If you’re curious or have more time, the rest of the page rewards you with layered context, linked concepts, and reflections from lived experience.

For more information on our storytelling style and how we attempt to be accessible while conveying lots of information, consult our Encyclopedia page and our House Style Guide.

Our encyclopedia page explains the how and why of our storytelling. It explains our techniques for digital composition and how we combine “talk, texts, and media” (James Paul Gee) into “multimodal ensembles” (Frank Serafini) to provide vicarious learning experiences.

“Like the methods used by Stimpunks, AutCollab also makes use of montage, visual storytelling, and intertext, often in first-person forms, to provide different ways to interact with the content.

Stenning, Anna. Narrating the Many Autisms: Identity, Agency, Mattering (The Routledge Series Integrating Science and Culture) (p. 169).
In other words…

The content on our website is designed to be engaging and accessible to a wide range of readers. We have adopted a multimedia, multi-modality, scrollytelling style, which means that information is presented in a visually engaging and interactive manner.

When you visit our website, you will notice that the main concepts are presented at the top of the page using simpler language. This allows you to quickly grasp the key ideas without getting overwhelmed by technical jargon. As you scroll down, you will find more detailed explanations and academic language for those who want to delve deeper into the topic.

We understand that everyone has different preferences when it comes to consuming content. That’s why we encourage you to read at your own pace and to the depth that you feel comfortable with. If you don’t have the time to explore an entire page or section, you can still gain a good understanding by focusing on the main ideas presented at the beginning.

We want you to have a flexible and customizable experience on our website. Feel free to consume the content in any way and order that works best for you. Whether you prefer to skim through the main points or dive into the nitty-gritty details, our goal is to provide you with valuable information in a format that suits your needs.

Accordions labelled “In other words…” explain things in different ways, including easy read, one idea per line, and plain language summaries.

📋 Our Conventions

Content on our website is structured in a multimedia, multi-modality, scrollytelling style where the main concepts are presented at the top of the page in plainer language, with more academic language and further detail provided as you scroll down. Read to the depth you’re comfortable with. If you don’t have time to rabbit hole an entire page or section, read what you can knowing that you got the main ideas up front.

Especially in a world when some of the people attending your event, or participating in your meeting, will not have had time to review the whole thing in advance, assume that you have to front-load your key points at the beginning of the document. And within a particular page or slide, assume that you have to put the most pertinent info at the top, with supporting points below. If you’re not ordering things by importance (because you want to set up a chronological flow, or because you’re organizing by some historical categorization you’ve inherited) make that explicit in the text that your audience sees. Otherwise half your audience will be lost right at the top, wondering in their minds why these items are in an inexplicable order.

Make better documents. – Anil Dash

We tell our stories vertically using a mix of quotations, videos, music, lyrics, poetry, art, and color blocks.

The webtoon platform is very dynamic and can be used to differentiate from traditional comics and manga, explains the professor. “They can add music, short clips or animation, interactive contents, and most of all the story flow is fitted with the ‘scrolling down’ [nature of phones]. The story, including the text and visuals are well placed, matching the speed on the reader’s scroll speed,” he says. The vibrant colours, sometimes even incorporating music or simple animations, tend to provide an innovative and immersive reading experience that differs from traditional Western comics or graphic novels, adds Kang.

Korean webtoons, the history and culture: Why they inspire K-dramas like The Uncanny Counter, Sweet Home | Friday-art-people – Gulf News

Because of its web platform, webtoon becomes a site where old and new media collaborate and multiple media functions are combined to create distinctive effects, stories, and genres. The general definition of “transmediality” that Elizabeth Evans provides is useful in explaining the broad range of the practices of cultural production involved in webtoon in Korea. Based on discussions that include Henry Jenkins’s theories, Evans explains, “In essence, the term ‘transmediality’ describes the increasingly popular industrial practice of using multiple media technologies to present information concerning a single fictional world through a range of textual forms”.

The Webtoon: A New Form for Graphic Narrative – The Comics Journal

🌊 Vertical Space, Gutters, and Wavelike Visual Flow

We use vertical space and “gutters” in ways similar to the conventions in manhwa and webtoons.

Narrative Pacing with Gutters

Gutter – The space between the panels. In this space, the reader moves from one panel to the next and comes to a conclusion about what is happening.

How to Panel Your Webtoon – by Nicole Cornball

One of the most significant differences that the vertical layout creates concerns the role of the gutter spaces. As many comics scholars have argued, the gutter is the space where the reader’s most active participation takes place. It is in this space that the reader actively connects the adjacent panels to construct the narrative flow. For instance, if we see a panel where a man is yawning while watching TV and the next panel shows the same man lying down in bed wearing pajamas, we, the readers, fill in what is missing between the panels: that the man decides to go to bed, turns off the TV, changes into his pajamas, turns off the lights, and lies down. This is what the readers construct to generate meaning or to create movement from still images. In this way, gutter spaces are a unique and generative feature of comics.

Despite their critical role, the gutters in conventional print comics are a visually dull, monotonous space, usually a narrow, white space between panels. But in webtoons, the gutter is used to create a diversified visual space to accompany the text. The gutter sometimes occupies more space than the panels and actively contributes to the narrative in various ways. In some cases, it is used to express the duration of time and/or changes of location by its length. A distinctively long gutter implies a long span of time or major change of scene. In other cases, the gutter uses a background color or design that defines the tone of the whole story. For instance, each episode of Sim Sŭnghyŏn’s Pape Popo uses one long, pastel-toned gutter which embraces all panels within it, and its light-peach or pale-pink color delivers the general impression of the story, which describes a young couple’s sincere and lovely romance (http://cartoon.media.daum.net/webtoon/viewer/4392).

The Webtoon: A New Form for Graphic Narrative – The Comics Journal

Webtoon’s vertical layout not only changes the artistic features and functions surrounding the gutter space but also alters the way the reader/viewer experiences time and space. As Art Spiegelman has commented, comics is a medium that expresses time through space by organizing and arranging sequential moments on the page (Chute and Jagoda 3-4). Time is not an element that is obviously visible in comics, so the organization of space creates temporality of various tempos and segmentations through a number of techniques.

The Webtoon: A New Form for Graphic Narrative – The Comics Journal

it can be used to set the tone/pace as in quicker action less space in between

it can be used to change scene more easily like day to night

or could be integrated with the story to set the scene like this (God Of Highschool spoilers ep 249)

it also allows imo for the reader to take a breather between scene

What’s with the whitespace on manhwa? : r/manga

Wavelike Visual Flow

According to scholar Dalma Kálovics’s article Manga Across Media, webtoons specifically refer to vertical scrolling comics, regardless of country of origin. Some visual traits of this style, apart from the use of full-color artwork, involve wide gutters and a storytelling pattern intended to “carefully create a wavelike visual flow.” (Kálovics) The idea is that the story naturally draws the eye downwards, mimicking how ancient picture scrolls would have been read in some senses. There is no page to turn, just a path to follow, and that can be very appealing and easy to read for a generation raised online.

Manhwa and Manga: Similar but Different Art Forms – Anime News Network

Pause Points

But gutter in general is essential for webtoon. A huge thing in its favor is that it serves to add dramatic pauses to the narrative or make the action move quickly and fast.

Full color comics tend to be hard on the eyes, blank spaces or panels are made to breath and keep a clean reading experience.

On top of that, webtoons are made to be read on mobile devices, the balance between the size of the art and the legibility of the dialogues is very important, not everyone is comfortable reading something with a “readable enough” font size, i.e. I like manga but if I have to read on mobile, I find myself zooming in and out (I don’t mind but lots of people do).

Why do webtoons tend to have so much blank space? : r/webtoons

Webtoons (you mentioned Noblesse etc) have unlimited space to work with, so they space things out. They put white space where they want the reader to feel a pause or to distinguish events.

Fight scenes in webtoons often have a lot of white space because they want you to see the actions happen in ‘beats’.

They might be put in after speeches to give it a feeling of trailing off.

They might have an entire page of white space as a sort of paragraph break to jump forwards in time.

Manhwa vs Manga…. Why so much white space? : r/manga

We love hyperlinks and use them extensively. We consider them a kindness to the reader and a potent weapon in the fight against disinformation. Many of our links lead to our expansive glossary.

Semantic links rather than commercial advertisements are the life blood of the internet – the Autistic online habitat.

Jorn Bettin, author of “The Beauty of Collaboration at Human Scale: Timeless patterns of human limitations

We love Stimpunks, their Glossary is a rich source of information presented through an affirming lens.

Be more Punk! 🤘🏻✊🏾

https://stimpunks.org/glossary-list/#h-all-glossary-entries

Pebble Autism on X

🧱 Block Quotes

We use block quotations (blockquote) heavily. We quote our favorite passages and sources with hyperlinks signposting back to the original work.

block quotation (also known as a long quotation or extract) is a quotation in a written document that is set off from the main text as a paragraph, or block of text, and typically distinguished visually using indentation and a different typeface or smaller size font. This is in contrast to setting it off with quotation marks in a run-in quote. Block quotations are used for long quotations.

Block quotation – Wikipedia

🪗 Accordions

We also heavily use “accordions”. Accordions contain more in depth information on a topic that you can reveal at your own pace. As a thanks for scrolling down this far, we put some fun artwork from our community in an accordion below. Click or tap the accordion to expand it.

View “Sun Star Tapestry Beta” + Baby Animal
An adorable white lamb with pink noise and pink ears peeks above the bottom of the frame. Behind it is a fractal tapestry featuring sunny stars
“Sun Star Tapestry Beta” by Adriel Jeremiah Wool is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0

⁍ Bulleted Lists

Where possible, break down paragraphs into lists. Lists make scanning easier!

Show, Don’t Tell | CSS-Tricks – CSS-Tricks

A related technique is to spray them with bullets. Bullet points are a super powerful way to make content more skimmable for an audience, and perform a useful forcing function in making you edit your points down to be concise and roughly consistent.

Make better documents. – Anil Dash

We often break paragraphs of text down into bulleted lists that present one idea per line in plain language.

To Listen to Our Web Pages

📑 Sections, Hierarchy, Semantics, and Tables of Contents

We provide content hierarchy, visual hierarchy, and tables of contents to improve skimmability and wayfinding.

Readers on the web scan for information, rather than reading everything line-by-line. Chunking your content into smaller sections, called out by larger headings, helps them find the information they’re searching for.

When I’m trying to find something quickly, there’s nothing more intimidating than jumping onto a site with a giant wall of unbroken content. 

Show, Don’t Tell | CSS-Tricks – CSS-Tricks

People want to know where they’re at in the story. This doesn’t have to be fancy, you don’t need a full timeline bar like a YouTube video. But a quick outline of progress (and, if you’ve got a particularly long document, recapping your position in that outline as you go) can help ensure people that they understand their place in the overall conversation.

Make better documents. – Anil Dash

Headings are semantic and hierarchical and should be used semantically, not just for styling.

Semantic HTML is the use of HTML markup to reinforce the semantics, or meaning, of the information in web pages and web applications rather than merely to define its presentation or look.

Semantic HTML – Wikipedia

We encounter documents all the time with incoherent heading hierarchy because folks used them according to their displayed size instead of their meaning.

Hierarchical headings are important to accessibility.

A common navigation technique for users of screen reading software is to quickly jump from heading to heading in order to determine the content of the page. Because of this, it is important to not skip one or more heading levels. Doing so may create confusion, as the person navigating this way may be left wondering where the missing heading is.

The HTML Section Heading elements – HTML: HyperText Markup Language | MDN

Most screen readers can also generate an ordered list of all the headings on a page, which can help a person quickly determine the hierarchy of the content:

The HTML Section Heading elements – HTML: HyperText Markup Language | MDN

One of the best things we can do for accessibility is use headings, actual <h1> … <h6> headings, not just text that’s been bolded and made bigger. It needs to be marked as a heading.

🌸 Lily Pads

We group related elements together in color blocks with rounded corners. We call these “lily pads” as they are pads from which spectacular things bloom. Further, lily pads develop from a rhizome, evoking the autistic rhizome.

Lily Pads

Screenshot of one of our web pages showing two lily pads

Our web pages are constructed from lily pads sprouting from the rhizome of collected community knowledge.

The Autistic rhizome creates new energy through the sharing and evolution of ideas which permeates and ripples through into wider society. A rhizome is a root system of pure connections.

Autistic Rhizome

A growing and evolving network of Autistic communities with no hierarchy or dependence on anothers existence.

Each person forms an integral part and is connected by a flow of energy that not only runs through and between individuals and communities but enables new connections to form. It is a place of safety, support and deep understanding.

The Autistic rhizome creates new energy through the sharing and evolution of ideas which permeates and ripples through into wider society.

@Autistic Realms

Rhizome: as conceptualised in the work of Deleuze and Guatarri. A network with no single point of origin. No part of the network depends upon the existence of another. I have introduced the idea of this in the context of community here.

Neuro-anarchy and the rise of the Autistic Rhizome – DGH Neurodivergent Consultancy

On discord, there is a growing network of communities. I have lovingly dubbed this collective The Autistic Rhizome. They are an interconnected network of knowledge exchange, and mutual aid and support that have displaced the hierarchical nature of advocate/follower relationships. 

We are equal in these spaces.

This doesn’t mean that all knowledge shared is useful in advancing the neurodiversity movement. Like any knowledge, some is good, some is bad, most is somewhere in the middle.

This growing network consists of communities that do not depend on each other to exist, but are still enriched by their interconnection. There is no starting or end point. There is no advancing through communities based on levels of knowledge. They just simply exist, and people come and go as they please.

Neuro-anarchy and the rise of the Autistic Rhizome – DGH Neurodivergent Consultancy

In order to explore the nature of our ever growing and developing Autistic culture, we need to be looking to the Autistic rhizome, detached from a non-existent central point, exploring new theory, and building on what exists. We need to surprise the world with each new thought, not repackage the same thought over and over.

Autistic Culture and the Advent of Decentralised Communities – Stimpunks Foundation

Deleuze and Guattari described this kind of thinking as ‘Rhyzomatic.’

A rhyzome isn’t like a tree, it doesn’t have subordinate parts emerging from a core trunk. A rhizome is a root system of pure connections.

How the things connect is how they are defined. By the same logic, how they are disconnected is how they are defined.

Deleuze differed from the poststructuralists like Derrida and Foucault in that he was a Monist. All of it is connected, all of it is one, and the connections and lack of connections between the things, are what define them as things. This is an Ontology of Difference.

Spider-Verse, Identity Politics, Leftist Infighting, and the Oppression Olympics – YouTube

A punk bass line. With all the space for ingenuity and contributions.

A rhyzomatic orchestra of ideas, shared laterally and equally, by all these unlikely and envigorating sources.

Spider-Verse, Identity Politics, Leftist Infighting, and the Oppression Olympics – YouTube

Lily pads improve skimmability and aid cognitive accessibility.

◼️ Bolding

bold the most important part of a sentence to make sure that readers scanning through your content catch their eyes on what’s most important.

Show, Don’t Tell | CSS-Tricks – CSS-Tricks

🎬 Show, then Tell

Show, then tell. Start with concrete examples & pictures, then lay down the abstract definitions.

Nutshell: make expandable, embeddable explanations

Smart Brevity

Smart Brevity’s Core 4

Smart Brevity, in written form, has four main parts, all easy to learn and put into practice—and then teach. They don’t apply in every circumstance but will help you begin to get your mind around the shifts you need to make.

  1. A muscular “tease”: Whether in a tweet, headline or email subject line, you need six or fewer strong words to yank someone’s attention away from Tinder or TikTok.
  2. One strong first sentence, or “lede”: Your opening sentence should be the most memorable—tell me something I don’t know, would want to know, should know. Make this sentence as direct, short and sharp as possible.
  3. Context, or “Why it matters”: We’re all faking it. Mike and I learned this speaking to Fortune 500 CEOs. We all know a lot about a little. We’re too ashamed or afraid to ask, but we almost always need you to explain why your new fact, idea or thought matters.
  4. The choice to learn more, or “Go deeper”: Don’t force someone to read or hear more than they want. Make it their decision. If they decide “yes,” what follows should be truly worth their time.
VandeHei, Jim; Allen, Mike; Schwartz, Roy. Smart Brevity: The Power of Saying More with Less (pp. 24-25). Workman Publishing Company.

❤️📕 Emotion Rich Alt Text

Good alt text means that screen reader users get the same ‘meaning’ from the page as a fully sighted user.

The relevant parts of an image aren’t limited to the cold hard facts. Images can make you feel a particular way, and that’s something that should be made available to a screen reader user.

“Emotion matters” really changed how I think about writing alt text. Léonie wrote a longer article on the idea, which I recommend reading.

Writing great alt text: Emotion matters – JakeArchibald.com

So just what is a decorative image? It seems to me that one person’s eye candy is another person’s emotional link to a website.

A good alt text can conjure up wonderfully stimulating mental images. A friendly smile is the same in print, photo or wax crayon. Whether you listen to an image or see it, the emotional response is the key factor, so why should we recommend that these emotion rich images should be given a null alt text and hidden from screen reader users?

Perhaps it’s time we introduced another group of images: Emotion rich images and encouraged the practice of providing descriptive alt texts for them. If people don’t want to listen to the alt text, they won’t. If people don’t want to pause and look at the image, they won’t. In either case, it’s good to have the choice.

Text descriptions and emotion rich images – Tink – Léonie Watson

🥡 Main Takeaways

We provide “Main Takeaways” on many pages. Main takeaways are presented with one idea per line in a bulleted list format. If you don’t have time or energy to read an entire page, reading just the main takeaways will give you what you most need to know.

Here are the main takeaways for our front pages.

Main Takeaways from Our Front Pages
  • Stimpunks is created by and for neurodivergent and disabled people.
  • We exist for the direct support and mutual aid of neurodivergent and disabled people.
  • We serve our loved people so we can keep on livin’ through the onslaught.
  • We presume competence, and we believe in self-determination.
  • One in four U.S. adults have a disability.
  • Our community receives only 2% of US grant funding.
  • Only 19% of us are employed.
  • We have to challenge the norm and change the narrative.
  • The place where we belong does not exist. We will build it.
  • We bring voice into empirical constructs and translate voice into academic comprehension.
  • Staying alive is a lot of work for a disabled person in an ableist society.
  • Direct support to individuals is the most effective approach to alleviating the barriers and challenges that prevent neurodivergent and disabled people from thriving.
  • We reframe, because we’re not broken.
  • The long-term well-being and empowerment of Autistics and members of other neurocognitive minority groups hinges upon our ability to create a paradigm shift – a shift from the pathology paradigm to the neurodiversity paradigm.
  • Spare us from the mold.
  • Stimpunks is an essential resource for educators.
  • “Timeless Learning” is a fundamental text of progressive pedagogy.
  • We must critically examine our classrooms to build neurodiversity-friendly spaces.
  • Progressive, human-centered education is compatible with neurodiversity, the social model of disability, and human dignity.
  • Neurodiversity is one of the most powerful ideas of our generation.
  • Words have the power to change attitudes toward autistic people.
  • We prefer identity-first language, not person-first language.
  • I’m autistic, not a person with autism.
  • Autistic is an important part of my identity.
  • I’m a disabled person, not a person with disabilities.
  • Disabled is an important part of my identity.
  • The label “disabled” means so much to me. It means I have community. It means I have rights. It means I can be proud. It means I can affirm myself in the face of ableists. It means I can be myself and so much more.
  • Identity first language is common among neurodivergent and disabled self-advocates.
  • The words autistic and disabled connect us with an identity, a community, and a culture. They help us advocate for ourselves.
  • “Disability” and “disabled” are indicators of culture and identity. Thus, “disabled person” is an accepted term.
  • There is a clear preference for identity-first language among autistic people.
  • Language is a place of struggle.
  • Language matters.
  • We have a moral imperative to connect with the communities we serve and use the language they prefer.
  • Our needs are human needs, not special needs.
  • We choose the margin, because design is tested at the edges.
  • Reframing ourselves and others is hard and important work necessary to all other work.
  • Disability and neurodivergence are broad umbrellas that include many people, possibly you.
  • The neurodivergent umbrella includes a diversity of inherent and acquired differences and spiky profiles.
  • Neurodivergent is an umbrella term that is inclusive and not exclusive – this means mental illnesses are considered neurodivergent.
  • Neurodivergent is an umbrella term for anyone who has a mind or brain that diverges from what is seen as typical or normal. ⁣
  • Neurodivergent is a term created by Kassiane Asasumasu, a biracial, multiply neurodivergent activist.
  • Neurodiversity is a different term created by Judy Singer, an autistic sociologist.⁣
  • Identifying as neurodivergent is up to the individual and we don’t gatekeep or enforce the term. ⁣
  • Self diagnosis is not just “valid” — it is liberatory.
  • We respect and encourage self-diagnosis/self-identification and community diagnosis.
  • Our website can help you understand your ways of being.
  • If you are wondering whether you are Autistic, spend time amongst Autistic people, online and offline.
  • If you notice you relate to these people much better than to others, if they make you feel safe, and if they understand you, you have arrived.
  • It is time to celebrate our interdependence!
  • The notion of disability in our society is underscored by a bizarre conception of “independence”.
  • Collaboration allows us to create genuinely safe spaces for autistic and otherwise neurodivergent people.
  • To face the challenges of the future, we’ll need the problem-solving abilities of different types of minds working together.
  • Pluralism is our reality.
  • The focus of the story we need is connection.
  • Whether neurodivergent, disabled, or an ally, being a Stimpunk means reframing.
  • We center the edges in service to all bodyminds.
  • Challenge the norm and change the narrative by reframing.
  • Reframe these states of being that have been labelled deficiencies or pathologies as human differences.
  • We are not okay.
  • We are here, we are angry, and we are only going to get louder.
  • This is our movement.
  • We’re going to rewrite the narratives.
  • Autistic children need us to support them as architects of their own liberation against the schools and clinicians and institutions and police and prosecutors who would crush and destroy them.
  • Not having the vocabulary to understand yourself and your loved ones is a tragedy.

📜 Our Rules and Patterns for Scrollytelling

Our Rules and Patterns for Scrollytelling
  • Accordions expand/infodump on a topic without interrupting the main flow.
  • Accordions labelled “What is…” provide definitions, context, and further reading.
  • Accordions labelled “In other words…” explain things in different ways, including easy read, one idea per line, and plain language summaries.
  • One line inline definitions are offered.
  • Explanatory items are grouped into “What does this mean?” blocks.
  • Related items are grouped together on a colored background with a group title. This makes it easier to tell what’s in a group and skim past it.
  • Pick colors for groups based on colors in included media, if any.
  • Pick colors for groups of accordions based on themes like rainbow.
  • Lots of whitespace.
  • Every page/screen has something breaking up the text.
  • Selective bolding of key sentences facilitates skimming.
  • A table of contents is provided near the top of each page.
  • Headings are used approximately every 5 screens (on a laptop) or less.
  • 20 headings max.
  • Put a “coming up” table of contents after 10 headings.
  • Consider putting a “Bodymind Break” section after 10 headings.
  • Spacers are used as pause points, fermata.
  • Spacers are used before headings to accentuate the break.
  • Long scrollytelling stories signpost to what’s ahead.
  • Break up text with pull quotes, blocks, bullets, bolding, backgrounds, images.
  • Use lists to present one idea per line.
  • Make it so people can just read the headers, table of contents and get the gist of the page/section.
  • Make it engaging and visual.
  • Write in a conversational style.
  • Add in jokes and feelings.
“The value of using web media to engage students with diverse learning needs in composing with a wider range of modalities remains an important argument for digital pedagogies today.”

Thin Description and Data Visualization

We find that Love’s feminist articulation of “thin description” as a human observational practice is more in line with our commitment to embodied knowledge making practices that highlight how technologies and research methods reflect the social positionalities of the humans who employ them.

Thin Description and Data Visualization – Methodological Play – 100 Years of New Media Pedagogy

…we might also consider the value of forms of “thin description” (Love 2013) that focus more on observing surface features of a wide range of texts rather than on interpreting the many layers, contradictions, and hidden forces animating a single text: what we may lose in depth and nuance of interpretation with this approach, we can gain in breadth and copiousness of evidence.

Thin Description and Data Visualization – Methodological Play – 100 Years of New Media Pedagogy

Instead of seeing ourselves as gathering textual quotes to support a persuasive narrative argument, we saw ourselves first and foremost as building a database (in our case, a Google spreadsheet) that we could then query in order to explore a range of possible stories we might tell.

Thin Description and Data Visualization – Methodological Play – 100 Years of New Media Pedagogy

Ultimately, we take as axiomatic that all methodologies of textual analysis involve ideologically loaded processes of selection and reduction.

Thin Description and Data Visualization – Methodological Play – 100 Years of New Media Pedagogy

Today’s literary-historical scholar can no longer risk being just a close reader: the sheer quantity of available data makes the traditional practice of close reading untenable as an exhaustive or definitive method of evidence gathering. The same argument, however, may be leveled against the macroscale; from thirty thousand feet, something important will inevitably be missed. The two scales of analysis, therefore, need to coexist. (Jockers 2013, 9)

Thin Description and Data Visualization – Methodological Play – 100 Years of New Media Pedagogy

Multimodal Performance

We also see multimodal composing as a way to reveal some of the embodied process of our “dialogic collaboration” (Lunsford and Ede 1990) as scholars. As Lunsford and Ede have long argued, the process of collaborative writing need not proceed by strictly dividing up work, where each author is solely responsible for their own part. Rather, in a dialogic collaboration, authors engage in dialogue with each other throughout the process from the very earliest stages of invention to the very final stylistic edits, such that it becomes impossible to clearly identify where one author’s contribution begins and the other’s ends. Importantly, Ede and Lunsford emphasize dialogic collaboration as a robustly multimodal process in which spoken conversation plays a key role: “If you can imagine the words talk . . . write . . . talk . . . read . . . talk . . . write . . . talk . . . read . . . written in a large looping spiral—that comes closest a description as we know it” (Ede and Lunsford 1983, 152). Our process has been much the same, though we might sometimes replace the word “write” with other verbs such as “compose” or “code” or “perform.” Importantly, Lunsford and Ede argued that collaborative scholars should make space in their work to document their modes of composing, and they practiced this by telling detailed and engaging stories of the conversations they’ve had and the places they’ve gathered over years of “writing together” (Lunsford and Ede 2012).

Multimodal Performance – Methodological Play – 100 Years of New Media Pedagogy

Weaving the Web

In addition to the emphasis on how web composing helped expand audiences for student writing, Huntington Lyman (1999) gave voice to a particularly crucial reason for encouraging student participation in composing for the web: working with multiple media forms allowed even those students who aren’t the strongest writers a greater potential range of rhetorical expression. As he writes, “hypertext’s easy incorporation of images and sounds has the potential to involve students who are strong in the non-verbal intelligences. . . . Hypertext helps integrate word, image, and sound, allowing students to draw on their strengths and discover new possibilities in their writing” (58). Although the notion of multiple “intelligences” can at times be used in overly reductive ways, Lyman’s emphasis on the value of using web media to engage students with diverse learning needs in composing with a wider range of modalities remains an important argument for digital pedagogies today.

Weaving the Web (Act 4, Page 3) – Conversing With Computers – 100 Years of New Media Pedagogy

Make better documents.

White Space

You know how all your designer friends are always talking about white space? You basically can’t have too much of it. Almost every time you want something to stand out, one of the best ways to do that is not through lots of formatting, but through a smart use of white space. Done properly, the point you’re making will stand out on its own. Maybe you can just use a bit of minimal formatting to make it really pop, but it shouldn’t take much.

Make better documents. – Anil Dash

Spray Them With Bullets

A related technique is to spray them with bullets. Bullet points are a super powerful way to make content more skimmable for an audience, and perform a useful forcing function in making you edit your points down to be concise and roughly consistent. One less-obvious benefit of using bullet points is that it can often reveal to you as an author whether the information that you’re providing is all in the same category. In prose, it can be easy to sometimes drift off-topic into unrelated topics, but with bullets, if you’ve got a list that has items which are very evidently out of place, it can be more evident.

Make better documents. – Anil Dash

Pay attention to sequencing and order

Especially in a world when some of the people attending your event, or participating in your meeting, will not have had time to review the whole thing in advance, assume that you have to front-load your key points at the beginning of the document. And within a particular page or slide, assume that you have to put the most pertinent info at the top, with supporting points below. If you’re not ordering things by importance (because you want to set up a chronological flow, or because you’re organizing by some historical categorization you’ve inherited) make that explicit in the text that your audience sees. Otherwise half your audience will be lost right at the top, wondering in their minds why these items are in an inexplicable order.

Make better documents. – Anil Dash

Give people wayfinding

People want to know where they’re at in the story. This doesn’t have to be fancy, you don’t need a full timeline bar like a YouTube video. But a quick outline of progress (and, if you’ve got a particularly long document, recapping your position in that outline as you go) can help ensure people that they understand their place in the overall conversation.

Make better documents. – Anil Dash

Close by reiterating your mission and goals

You can never go wrong by restating first principles in the closing of your message. Remind people about alignment on purpose, and ideally alignment on values. This sets up for a constructive conversation, and clarifies the priorities that you all share in having a dialogue in the first place. You’ll never go wrong thanking your audience or reminding them about past collaborative successes, either.

Make better documents. – Anil Dash

We are iterating toward “digital stories” and “Web-Based Conceptual Portmanteau”.

Consume this content to the depth and breadth of your preference in whatever way and order works for you.

🫀 It’s Alive!

This website is a living document that you can contribute to under a Creative Commons CC BY-SA license. Send us your suggestions and favorite quotes and resources.

Sometimes, the webtoonist follows this request from the fans, else his or her views decrease. “This two-way communication between the webtoonist and readers forms a relationship based on fandom, and appeals to their taste rather than one-way contents such as comics,” she says.

Korean webtoons, the history and culture: Why they inspire K-dramas like The Uncanny Counter, Sweet Home | Friday-art-people – Gulf News

Webtoon is a “hyper-connected” cultural content between individuals as they form fandoms, he continues. Furthermore, the individual, in this case fans, are also connected with the writers and artists. “When you read the webtoon and become a fan, you are not just a reader, but part of the group. This is well represented between people who debate and discuss on the webtoon story and character. They feel included within the content, as they can speak with others that have a common interest,” he says.

Korean webtoons, the history and culture: Why they inspire K-dramas like The Uncanny Counter, Sweet Home | Friday-art-people – Gulf News